Question: What parts are generally replaced during a brake
job, and why?
Answer: A traditional brake job (if there is such a thing)
usually means replacing the front disc brake pads, resurfacing
the rotors, replacing the rear drum brake shoes, resurfacing the
drums, bleeding the brake lines (replacing the old brake fluid
with new and getting all the air out of the lines), inspecting
the system for leaks or other problems that might require additional
repairs, and checking and adjusting the parking brake.
Some brake jobs may also include new hardware for the drums (recommended),
and rebuilding or replacing the wheel cylinders and calipers (also
recommended). But because of the added expense, these items may
not be included in the package price or may only be done if the
brake system really needs them (as opposed to doing them for preventative
maintenance).
Hardware includes things like return springs, holddown springs
and other clips and retainers found in drum brakes. It may also
include bushings, pins and clips on disc brake calipers. Springs
lose tension with age and exposure to heat. Most experts recommend
replacing the hardware when relining drum brakes to restore proper
brake action. If weak springs are reused, the shoes may drag against
the drums causing accelerated shoe wear, a pull to one side, brake
overheating and possible drum warpage. Other hardware that is
badly corroded or faulty (such as the self-adjusters) may prevent
the shoes from maintaining the correct drum clearance (which increases
the distance the brake pedal must travel as the shoes wear), or
the parking brake from functioning properly.
It's important to note that not all replacement linings are the
same. There are usually several grades of quality in pads and
shoes (good, better and best). The difference is in the ingredients
that are used to manufacture the pads and shoes. The less expensive
ones may cost less initially and save you a few dollars on your
total bill, but you may not be happy with the way they wear and
perform. All brake linings must meet minimum government safety
standards. Even so, the cheaper grade of pads and shoes do not
last as many miles as the premium grade of replacement linings,
nor do they brake as effectively. They usually have a greater
tendency to fade at high temperature and may increase the vehicle's
stopping distance somewhat. Noise may also be a problem with cheap
linings. The best performance and value for your money, therefore,
is with the best or premium grade. Choose these when the brakes
are relined.
